Description
Introduction
The overall purpose of these Briefing Notes is to explain how managers, at all levels, can be enabled .to identify their accountable contribution to the achievement of organizational aims and objectives.
The essence of every management job is about achieving results. The word ‘management’ is used here, in a broad context, to encompass every member of the management team, from Supervisor to Board-room. A manager is responsible and accountable for achieving aims and objectives, within defined key areas of the job. It is the identity and description of these Key Result Areas (KRAs) that provide the context in which each manager, ultimately, make a relevant contribution to the achievement of organizational aims and objectives and on which managerial performance should be judged. It is the job-holder’s ‘Slice of the Action’.
The preparation of KRA job descriptions is the essential first step in establishing a range of ‘results-driven’ management systems. Key Result Analysis is the process by which KRA job descriptions are produced.
The Notes provide information on:-
KRA Applications
- Recruitment and Selection
- Training and Development
- Succession Planning
- Establishment and Structure Control
- Objective-setting, Action-planning and Review. Because this application is a fundamental component of the KRA Management Model, it is dealt with, at some length, later in the Notes.
What Jobs Qualify for Key Result Analysis
Completing KRA Job Descriptions
KRA Job Description Examples
The KRA Organization
What is an Organization?
- Aims
- People
- Technologies
- Structure
Adding Value
How organizations create Added Value, by the Import/Conversation/Export Cycle.
The Impact of the Organizational Environment
- Public Perceptions and Attitudes
- Legislation
- The Economy
- Job Market
- Political
- Competition
- Marketplace
- Technology
‘The Achieving Organization’ Model
‘The Achieving Organization’ Model is made up of three, integrated management systems.
- Definition of Aims and Key Result Areas
- Objective-setting and Action Planning
- Performance Review and Appraisal
The purpose of these Briefing Notes is to deal, specifically, with the ‘Definition of Aims and Key Result Areas’ (‘Your Slice of the Action’) . However, a complete version, of the Model, is presented, later, in graphic form, so that you can see how the other two management systems, ‘Objective-setting and Action-planning’ and ‘Performance Review and Appraisal’, fit in to the Model.
The detailed information, on the ‘Achieving Organization’ Model, is presented, in two parts.
- Content and Structure
A diagram, graphically, illustrates the ‘Definition of ‘Aims and Key Result Areas’; the first management system contained in the ‘Achieving Organization’ Model. The other two management systems, contained in the Model, are added, in due course.
- Enfleurage international’ – A corporate case study
The case study examines the activities of the company’s Marketing Division. It shows the cascading of accountabilities down through the Marketing structure. It includes a full KRA Job Description for each of the seven key management roles, within the Division.
A short descriptions of the ‘Objective-setting and Action Planning’ and ‘Performance Review and Appraisal’ action stages, complete the ‘KRA Management Model’.
Appendices
- Guidance Notes on setting up a KRA System
- Blank KRA Job Description Form
- Guidance Notes for self-completion of a KRA Job Description
